Earth Day, celebrated annually on April 22, is a global movement that unites over 1 billion people across 192 countries to advocate for environmental protection and sustainable living. Since its inception in 1970, Earth Day has catalysed transformative changes, from the establishment of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to the passage of landmark legislation like the Clean Air Act. As we approach Earth Day 2025, the urgency to address pressing environmental challenges—climate change, biodiversity loss, plastic pollution, and deforestation—has never been greater. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), humanity generates 2.24 billion tons of municipal solid waste annually, with only 55% managed sustainably. This blog, written from the perspective of an environmentalist, explores the significance of Earth Day, its historical roots, current challenges, and actionable steps individuals and communities can take to foster a healthier planet. With authentic data, inspiring quotes, and a call to collective action, let us delve into why Earth Day 2025 is a pivotal moment for our world.

The Origins and Impact of Earth Day

Earth Day was born in 1970, sparked by U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson’s vision to raise awareness about environmental degradation. A direction shift came in the form of Nelson, who redirected the protesters towards fighting the lack of clean air, water, and land, following the anti-war protests in the 1960s (Steichen, 2024). The first Earth Day, which occurred on April 22nd of the year 1970, saw citizens of the United States participate in large numbers, with nearly twenty percent of the population participating through activities in streets, parks, and college campuses. As a result, people pushed for the formation of the EPA and laws like the Clean Water Act and the Endangered Species Act. The riches of the country include its air and water, the soil, forests, minerals, the rivers and lakes, oceans and the seas, the natural scenic beauty, the habitats of the wildlife and all the biological diversity, that is the whole economy, Nelson once said, in celebrating the spirit of the Earth Day. In 1990, Earth Day spread all over the articulate world and formed a world rally with 200 million participants from 141 nations, helping it to turn into an influential factor of environmental policy. Presently, the Earth Day Network, which is available at earthday.org, provides a list of activities that include annual frameworks such as global cleanups and planting a tree. The 2024 Earth Day focused on the topic ’Planet vs. Plastics stating that one billion people consume one hundred and seventy-five billion plastic bags, 380 million tons of plastics are produced every year, and 8 million metric tons of plastics find their way into the oceans, according to UNEP. As to 2025, the official motto has not yet been revealed. Based on experience, many events will focus on sustainability and combating climate change, with the emphasis on the necessity of international cooperation.

The Climate Crisis: A Defining Challenge

Climate change is still the most significant concern in the environmental issue in the wake of Earth Day 2025. As stated by the IPCCC, the global temperature has already risen by 1.1°C since the pre-industrial level, and the year 2023 is considered to be the hottest one (Mukherji, 2023). Heatwaves, floods, and wildfires, in particular, have been observed before, are now more frequently happening. For example, WMO stated that 3 point 2 million people were affected by climate-related incidents in the Asia-Pacific region in 2024. The changes are caused by carbon dioxide levels now standing at 420 parts per million, the highest in the past three million years. Environmental conservation can be considered as the Indian concept of preserving and maintaining the earth not for ourselves but for our heirs. We do not inherit the earth from our forefathers, but we borrow it from the future generations. Shifting towards renewable energy is important: while in 2023 the share of renewable sources of energy was 30% for electricity-generating countries, there is still a large contribution from fossil energy sources, as stated by the International Energy Agency (IEA). People can do their part by using LEDS, decreasing their meat intake (animal farming is responsible for 14.5% of global GHGs as according to the FAO publication). Yet the annual acknowledgement of Earth Day 2025  will continue to bring more emphasis to these kinds of improvements in corporate responsibility or international agreements such as the Paris Accord.

Plastic Pollution: A Threat to Ecosystems

Modern awareness-raising campaigns regarding Earth Day are dominated by the problem of plastic pollution, which still affects the planet on a large scale. It is reported by UNEP that over 440 million tons of waste production is plastic in particular, while the global recycling rate for the same is only 9% (Otitoju et al., 2023). Therefore, microplastics can be found in the Arctic ice, the sea, fresh water, drinking water, groundwater, the atmosphere, in the stomata of plants, in animals and in humans. The effects of plastic pollution on marine life are severe: 1 million seabirds and 100000 marine mammals, incl. dolphins and whales, die per year from ingesting or getting tangled in plastics, as stated by UNESCO. One of such individuals was the famous explorer who said that the biggest danger facing our planet is that other people will take care of it. Go out and make the change. Such projects as The Ocean Cleanup have reported to have collected 15 million pounds of plastic from the sea, but the focus should be on prevention. On Earth Day 2025, people can commit to the reduction of the consumption of plastics hich are such as straws, bottles or bags, which contribute 40% of the whole production. Many people may decide on volunteering to clean up the environment; there was a record of 50 million people participating in the same in the 2024 Earth Day. On the same regard, there is policy advocacy, just as support for extended bans on single-use plastics, such as in more than a hundred countries. Through posting pictures and videos about such activities on social sites, sharing with the use of the TreesforThisEarthDay2025 tag, the crusade against the use of plastics can be advanced.

Biodiversity Loss: Protecting Our Planet’s Lifeblood

Biodiversity, the web of life sustaining ecosystems, is collapsing at an alarming rate. The World Wildlife Fund’s (WWF) Living Planet Report 2024 reveals a 69% decline in global wildlife populations since 1970, driven by habitat destruction, overexploitation, and climate change. One million species face extinction, per the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. Coral reefs, which support 25% of marine life, have lost 50% of their coverage since the 1950s, according to NOAA (Tkachenko et al., 2023). “In every walk with nature, one receives far more than he seeks,” John Muir once said, highlighting nature’s intrinsic value. Earth Day 2025 will emphasise restoring habitats—reforestation, wetland preservation, and sustainable agriculture. For example, planting native species in your backyard supports pollinators, which underpin 35% of global crop production (FAO). Community-driven projects, like the Great Green Wall in Africa, aim to restore 100 million hectares of degraded land by 2030. Individuals can advocate for protected areas (only 17% of land and 8% of oceans are currently protected, per IUCN) and support organisations like WWF. By celebrating biodiversity on Earth Day, we recommit to safeguarding Earth’s irreplaceable species.

Deforestation: Saving Our Forests

Forests, the lungs of our planet, are vanishing rapidly (ARIANTI, 2024). The World Resources Institute (WRI) reports that 4.1 million hectares of tropical forests were lost in 2023, equivalent to 11 football fields per minute. Deforestation contributes 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions, per the IPCC, and threatens indigenous communities and wildlife (Izuchukwu Precious et al., 2025). The Amazon, home to 400 billion trees and 16,000 species, lost 11% of its area between 1970 and 2020 (Costa et al., 2024). “A nation that destroys its soils destroys itself. Forests are the lungs of our land,” said Franklin D. Roosevelt, underscoring their vital role. Earth Day 2025 will promote reforestation: initiatives like Trillion Trees aim to restore 1 trillion trees by 2050. Individuals can participate by planting trees locally, urban trees reduce temperatures by up to 5°C, per the EPA, or supporting certified sustainable products to curb illegal logging (Stevens et al., 2025). Advocacy for stronger forest protection laws, like those in the EU’s 2023 deforestation-free products regulation, is crucial. Sharing reforestation stories on platforms like X with #PlantATree can amplify Earth Day’s message and inspire collective action.

Community Action: The Power of Collective Efforts

Earth Day thrives on grassroots activism, from local cleanups to global campaigns. In 2024, 75,000 organisations and 1 billion individuals participated in Earth Day events. Community actions, beach cleanups, urban gardens, and climate marches build momentum for change. For instance, the #TrashTag challenge, popularised on X, saw millions collect 10 million pounds of litter in 2023. Cities like Copenhagen, aiming for carbon neutrality by 2025, show how local policies can lead globally. Individuals can organise or join events via Earthday.org’s event map, whether it’s a tree-planting drive or a workshop on sustainable living. Supporting local farmers’ markets reduces food miles, which account for 11% of food system emissions, per the FAO. Earth Day 2025 will spotlight youth activism, with groups like Fridays for Future mobilising millions. By sharing your Earth Day actions online—posting a cleanup photo or a sustainability tip with #EarthDay2025—you can inspire others. Collective efforts, rooted in community, are the backbone of environmental progress.

A Call to Action for Earth Day 2025

As Earth Day 2025 approaches, the stakes are high, but so is our potential for change. Every action counts: switching to LED bulbs saves 80% energy compared to incandescent bulbs (EPA); reducing food waste cuts 8% of emissions tied to wasted food (FAO); supporting renewable energy accelerates the shift from fossil fuels. Governments must accept that 23% of global GDP is covered by net-zero commitments, per the UN. Corporations, responsible for 71% of emissions (CDP), need accountability. Yet, individuals hold power: consumer demand drives 60% of the global economy, per the World Bank. “The environment is where we all meet; where we all have a mutual interest; it is the one thing all of us share,” said Lady Bird Johnson, capturing Earth Day’s unifying spirit. Together, we can make Earth Day 2025 a turning point for a sustainable, thriving planet.

References:

ARIANTI, F. (2024). The Fate of the Forests is Closely Linked to That of Indigenous Peoples. CounterPunch.

Costa, F. d. A., Assad, E. D., Bebbington, D. H., Brondizio, E. S., Fearnside, P. M., Garrett, R., Hecht, S., Heilpern, S., McGRATH, D., & Oliveira, G. (2024). Complex, diverse and changing agribusiness and livelihood systems in the Amazon. Acta Amazonica, 54(spe1), e54es22096.

Izuchukwu Precious, O., Zino Izu, O., Frank Chudi, A., Theresa Ojevwe, A., & Chinwe Sheila, N. (2025). Impact of Deforestation on Carbon Emissions: A Data-Driven Study of the Amazon and Southeast Asia. European Journal of Life Safety and Stability, 50, 17-36.

Mukherji, A. (2023). Climate Change 2023 Synthesis Report.

Otitoju, M. A., Olawoye, T., Abiola, S. S., Ahmed, S., & Okoma, O. (2023). Plastic waste management and recycling: A review. Journal of Global Social Sciences, 4(16), 60-71.

Steichen, L. E. (2024). The insidious nature of defence: military-conservation alliances in the United States, University of British Columbia.

Stevens, C. M. B., Bojang, O. A., Amara, E., & Msuya, A. S. (2025). Comprehensive Overview of Deforestation Dynamics and Sustainable Forest Management in Sierra Leone. European Journal of Ecology, Biology and Agriculture, 2(2), 18-29.

Tkachenko, K. S., Dung, V. V., Ha, V. T., & Huan, N. H. (2023). Coral reef collapse in South-Central Vietnam: a consequence of multiple negative effects. Aquatic Ecology, 57(1), 65-83. 


About the Author: 

Qudrat Ullah is a researcher at the Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Thailand. With a passion for environmental sustainability, he focuses on advancing sustainable agricultural practices and addressing climate challenges through innovative research. An active advocate for Earth Day initiatives, Qudrat aims to inspire collective action for a healthier planet.

Muhammad Waqar is a PhD Scholar at the Food Technology and Innovation Research Center
of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University,
Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand