The Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) are the blueprint for the United Nations to build a more sustainable
future for all. Its adoption has made environmental degradation,
sustainability, climate change and water security the focus of international attention.
Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6
or Global Goal 6) is about "all people have access to safe water and
sanitation". It is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established
by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015. The official wording is:
"Ensure that all people have access to water and sanitation facilities and
manage them sustainably." The goal has eight goals: at least in 2030
achieve. 11 indicators will be used to measure progress towards the goal
Sustainable management of water resources
and access to safe water and sanitation are essential for unlocking economic
growth and productivity and provide significant leverage for existing
investments in health and education. The natural environment e.g., forests,
soils and wetlands contribute to management and regulation of water
availability and water quality, strengthening the resilience of watersheds and
complementing investments in physical infrastructure and institutional and
regulatory arrangements for water access, use and disaster preparedness. Water
shortages undercut food security and the incomes of rural farmers while
improving water management makes national economies, the agriculture and food
sectors more resilient to rainfall variability and able to fulfil the needs of
growing population. Protecting and restoring water related ecosystems and their
biodiversity can ensure water purification and water quality standards.
Clean water and sanitation Water
scarcity affects more than 40% of people, and this number is expected to increase
as temperatures rise. Although 2.1 billion people have improved their water
sanitation since 1990, the decline in drinking water supplies is affecting
every continent. More and more countries are facing the pressure of water shortage
and increasing drought and desertification have exacerbated these trends. By
2050, at least a quarter of people are expected to experience repeated water
shortages. By 2030, providing safe and affordable drinking water for all
requires us to invest in adequate infrastructure, provide sanitation
facilities, and promote personal hygiene. Protecting and restoring
water-related ecosystems is essential. Ensuring universally safe and affordable
drinking water involves more than 800 million people who lack basic services
and improving access to services and safety for more than 2 billion people. In
2015, 4.5 billion people lacked safe and managed sanitation services (excreta
was disposed of or disposed of properly) and 2.3 billion lacked even basic
sanitation facilities.
The book, "Climate change and
water security: impact, the future" "Prediction, adaptation and
mitigation" provides an overview The impact of climate change on all
water-related sectors, including Water quantity, water quality, water-related
diseases, water Rely on biodiversity, freshwater, and water-dependent oceans
Ecosystems, water-dependent food production (agriculture, Fisheries),
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the water sector and Mitigation and
adaptation measures to water climate change Safety. More dominant Climatic
factors that affect the amount of water or available water are rainfall, runoff
and river flow, floods, drought, snow, Glaciers, sea level rise (SLR), etc.
Observed impact of climate change on the world's water resources. The amount includes the trend of
increasing rainfall in high latitudes and temperate regions and decreasing
rainfall in low latitudes. Compared to all other natural disasters, floods are
the most reported natural disaster event in Africa, Asia, and Europe. In the
case of Bangladesh, there were six extreme floods in 1974, 1987, 1988, 1998,
2004 and 2007. Since climate change is a
global crisis; therefore, we must act and work together to reduce Global
greenhouse gas emissions and maintain global warming. Climate-resilient
development, policies and plans Towards a low-carbon society and achieve the
new global sustainable development goals (2016-2030) This will help reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and the impact on water resources and water-dependent
ecosystems.
About the Author: Ms. Farjana Yeasmin
Nishita is a Youth Advocate, Research Student, Climate activist and an Eco Club
Bangladesh Member (The Earth Needs Love).
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